Visuddhimagga I-39

13. Catukkesu paṭhamacatukke –

（四）（四法）于四法中：（1）（退分、住分、胜分、决择分）第一种四法：

Ñ(I,39): 14. In the first of the tetrads:

Yodha sevati dussīle, sīlavante na sevati;

Vatthuvītikkame dosaṃ, na passati aviddasu.

亲近恶戒者不与持戒的为友，

无知者不见犯事的过咎，

Ñ: The unvirtuous he cultivates,

He visits not the virtuous,

And in his ignorance he sees

No fault in a transgression here, [15]

Micchāsaṅkappabahulo , indriyāni na rakkhati;

Evarūpassa ve sīlaṃ, jāyate hānabhāgiyaṃ.

[PTS 015] 充满邪思惟，诸根不防护，

此人必然生起「退分戒」。

Ñ: With wrong thoughts often in his mind

His faculties he will not guard —

Virtue in such a constitution

Comes to partake of diminution.

Yo panattamano hoti, sīlasampattiyā idha;

Kammaṭṭhānānuyogamhi, na uppādeti mānasaṃ.

悦于此世有戒的成就，

对于业处（定境）无意而精勤，

Ñ: But he whose mind is satisfied

With virtue that has been achieved,

Who never thinks to stir himself

And take a meditation subject up,

Tuṭṭhassa sīlamattena, aghaṭantassa uttari;

Tassa taṃ ṭhitibhāgiyaṃ, sīlaṃ bhavati bhikkhuno.

以戒自满，更不向上而努力，

这是比丘的「住分戒」成就。

Ñ: Contented with mere virtuousness,

Nor striving for a higher state —

His virtue bears the appellation

Of that partaking of stagnation.

Sampannasīlo ghaṭati, samādhatthāya yo pana;

Visesabhāgiyaṃ sīlaṃ, hoti etassa bhikkhuno.

圆满了戒，更加为定而努力，

这是比丘的「胜分戒」成就。

Ñ: But who, possessed of virtue, strives

With concentration for his aim —

That bhikkhu's virtue in its function

Is called partaking of distinction.

Atuṭṭho sīlamattena, nibbidaṃ yonuyuñjati;

Hoti nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ, sīlametassa bhikkhunoti.

不以戒满足，更为厌离而努力，

这是比丘「决择分戒」的成就。

Ñ: Who finds mere virtue not enough

But has dispassion for his goal —

His virtue through such aspiration

Comes to partake of penetration.

Evaṃ hānabhāgiyādivasena catubbidhaṃ.

这是退分等四种。

Ñ: So it is of four kinds as partaking of diminution, and so on.