Visuddhimagga VIII-164

Tattha dīghaṃ vā assasantoti dīghaṃ vā assāsaṃ pavattayanto.

（安般念的十六事）此中（一）「出息长」即维持长的出息。[PTS 272]

Ñ(VIII,164): Herein, breathing in long (assasanto) is producing a long in-breath. [272] '

Assāsoti bahi nikkhamanavāto.

「出息」（assāsa）是外出的息，

Ñ: Assāsa is the wind issuing out;

Passāsoti anto pavisanavātoti vinayaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ.

「入息」（passāsa）是内入的息──这是根据毗奈耶义疏说的。

Ñ: passāsa is the wind entering in' is said in the Vinaya Commentary.

Suttantaṭṭhakathāsu pana uppaṭipāṭiyā āgataṃ.

然而诸经的义疏则所说相反（即以assāsa为入息，passāsa为出息）。

Ñ: But in the Suttanta Commentaries it is given in the opposite sense.

Tattha sabbesampi gabbhaseyyakānaṃ mātukucchito nikkhamanakāle paṭhamaṃ abbhantaravāto bahi nikkhamati.

在此（两说）中。一切的胎儿从母胎出来之时，最初是内部的息先外出，

Ñ: Herein, when any infant comes out from the mother's womb, first the wind from within goes out

Pacchā bāhiravāto sukhumarajaṃ gahetvā abbhantaraṃ pavisanto tāluṃ āhacca nibbāyati.

然后外面的气带着微尘而进入内部，（更外出）触口盖后而灭（故依律的义疏说为正当），

Ñ: and subsequently the wind from without enters in with fine dust, strikes the palate and is extinguished [with the infant's sneezing].

Evaṃ tāva assāsapassāsā veditabbā.

当如是先知以上的出入息（之义）。

Ñ: This, firstly, is how assāsa and passāsa should be understood.