Visuddhimagga XVI-46

 Maraṇaniddeso

[(iii) DEATH]

543. Maraṇampi dukkhanti etthāpi duvidhaṃ maraṇaṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇañca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71). Ekabhavapariyāpannajīvitindriyappabandhavicchedo ca, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘niccaṃ maraṇato bhaya’’nti (su. ni. 581). Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. Jātipaccayā maraṇaṃ upakkamamaraṇaṃ sarasamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ puññakkhayamaraṇantipi tasseva nāmaṃ. 

（3）「死是苦」，死有两种：一是关于所说「老死为二蕴所摄」的有为相；一是关于所说「常畏于死」的包摄于一有（生）的命根的相续的断绝。这里是后者之意。又以生为缘的死、横死、自然死、寿尽死、福尽死也是这里的死的名字。

Ñ(XVI,46): Death is suffering: death too is twofold, as a characteristic of the formed, with reference to which it is said, 'Ageing and death are included in the aggregates' (Dhk. 15), and as the severing of the connexion of the life faculty included in a single becoming, with reference to which it is said, 'So mortals are in constant fear ... that they will die' (Sn. 576). The latter is intended here. Death with birth as its condition, death by violence, death by natural causes, death from exhaustion of the life span, death from exhaustion of merit, are names for it.