Visuddhimagga XVI-47

 Tayidaṃ cutilakkhaṇaṃ, viyogarasaṃ, gativippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Dukkhassa pana vatthubhāvato dukkhanti veditabbaṃ. 

死有死亡的特相，有别离的作用，以失去现在的趣为现状。因为此死是苦的基地，故知是苦。

Ñ(XVI,47): It has the characteristic of a fall. Its function is to disjoin. It is manifested as absence from the destiny [in which there was the rebirth]. It should be understood as suffering because it is a basis for suffering.

Tenetaṃ vuccati –

所以这样说：

Ñ: Hence this is said:

‘‘Pāpassa pāpakammādi-nimittamanupassato;

Bhaddassāpasahantassa, viyogaṃ piyavatthukaṃ;

Mīyamānassa yaṃ dukkhaṃ, mānasaṃ avisesato.

Sabbesañcāpi yaṃ sandhi-bandhanacchedanādikaṃ;

Vitujjamānamammānaṃ, hoti dukkhaṃ sarīrajaṃ.

Asayhamappatikāraṃ, dukkhassetassidaṃ yato;

Maraṇaṃ vatthu tenetaṃ, dukkhamicceva bhāsita’’nti.

恶者看见了他的恶业等的相的成熟，

善者不忍离去他的可爱的事物，

同样是临终之人的意的痛苦。

断了关节的连络，[PTS 503]刺到要害的末摩，

这都是难堪难治的身生的痛苦。

因为死是苦所依，故说它是苦。

Ñ: Without distinction as they die

Pain grips their minds impartially

When wicked men their foul deeds see

Or sign of new rebirth, may be,

Also when good men cannot bear

To part from all that they hold dear.

Then bodily pain severs sinews,

Joints and so on, and continues [503]

Torture unbearable, which racks

All those whose vitals death attacks

With grip that shall no more relax.'

Death is the basis of such pain,

And this suffices to explain

Why death the name of pain should gain.

Ayaṃ maraṇe vinicchayo.

──这是对于死的决定说──

Ñ: This is the exposition of death.