Visuddhimagga XVI-48

 Sokādiniddesā

[(iv) SORROW]

544. Sokādīsu soko nāma ñātibyasanādīhi phuṭṭhassa cittasantāpo. So kiñcāpi atthato domanassameva hoti. Evaṃ santepi antonijjhānalakkhaṇo, cetaso parijjhāpanaraso, anusocanapaccupaṭṭhāno. Dukkho pana dukkhadukkhato dukkhavatthuto ca. Tenetaṃ vuccati –

（4）其次于愁等之中的「愁」，是丧失了亲戚等事的人的心的热恼。虽然它的意义与忧一样，但它有心中炎热的特相，有令心燃烧的作用，以忧愁为现状。因为愁是苦苦及苦的所依故是苦。所以这样说：

Ñ(XVI,48): As regards sorrow, etc., sorrow is a burning in the mind in one affected by loss of relatives, and so on. Although in meaning it is the same as grief, nevertheless it has inner consuming as its characteristic, its function is completely to consume the mind. It is manifested as continual sorrowing. It is suffering because it is intrinsic suffering and because it is a basis for suffering. Hence this is said:

‘‘Sattānaṃ hadayaṃ soko, visasallaṃva tujjati;

Aggitattova nārāco, bhusaṃva dahate puna.

‘‘Samāvahati ca byādhi-jarāmaraṇabhedanaṃ;

Dukkhampi vividhaṃ yasmā, tasmā dukkhoti vuccatī’’ti.

愁如毒箭而刺有情的心，

亦如赤热的铁丸而燃烧。

因愁而起病老死等种种苦，

故说愁是苦。

Ñ: Sorrow is a poisoned dart

That penetrates a being's heart;

Setting up a burning there

Like burning with a red-hot spear.

This state of mind brings future pain (see Ch. XVII, §273f.)

Such as disease, and then again

Ageing and death, so one may tell

Wherefor it is called pain as well.

Ayaṃ soke vinicchayo.

──这是依愁的决定说──

Ñ: This is the exposition of sorrow.