Visuddhimagga XIII-93

Atha vā apāyaggahaṇena tiracchānayoniṃ dīpeti.

或以苦界一语说为畜界，

Ñ(XIII,93): Or alternatively, the animal generation is indicated by the mention of states of loss;

Tiracchānayoni hi apāyo sugatito apetattā, na duggati mahesakkhānaṃ nāgarājādīnaṃ sambhavato.

因为畜界不是善趣故为苦界，又因有大威势故龙王等亦生其中故非恶趣。

Ñ: for the animal generation is a state of loss because it is removed from the happy destiny; but it is not an unhappy destiny because it allows the existence of royal nāgas (serpents), who are greatly honoured.

Duggatiggahaṇena pettivisayaṃ.

以恶趣一语说为饿鬼界，

Ñ: The realm of ghosts is indicated by the mention of the unhappy destiny;

So hi apāyo ceva duggati ca, sugatito apetattā dukkhassa ca gatibhūtattā.

因为他不是善趣及生于苦趣，故为苦界及恶趣，但不是堕趣，

Ñ: for that is both a state of loss and an unhappy destiny because it is removed from the happy destiny and because it is the destiny of suffering; but it is not perdition

Na tu vinipāto asurasadisaṃ avinipatitattā.

因为不如阿修罗的堕趣之故。

Ñ: because it is not a state of perdition such as that of the asura demons.

Vinipātaggahaṇena asurakāyaṃ.

以堕趣一语说为阿修罗，

Ñ: The race of asura demons is indicated by the mention of perdition;

So hi yathāvuttena atthena apāyo ceva duggati ca sabbasamussayehi ca vinipatitattā vinipātoti vuccati.

因依上面所说之义，他为苦界及恶趣，并且因为弃了幸福而堕其处故为堕趣。

Ñ: for that is both a state of loss and an unhappy destiny in the way already described, and it is called 'perdition' (deprivation) from all opportunities.

Nirayaggahaṇena avīciādianekappakāraṃ nirayamevāti.

以地狱一语说为阿鼻地狱等的种种地狱。

Ñ: Hell itself in the various aspects of Avīci, etc., is indicated by the mention of hell.

Upapannāti upagatā, tattha abhinibbattāti adhippāyo.

「生」──是接近及生于彼处之义。

Ñ: Have … appeared: have gone to; have been reborn there, is the intention.