Visuddhimagga XIV-3

423. Kenaṭṭhena paññāti pajānanaṭṭhena paññā.

二、什么是慧的语义

以了知之义为慧。

Ñ(XIV,3): (ii) IN WHAT SENSE IS IT UNDERSTANDING? It is understanding (paññā) in the sense of act of understanding (pajānana).

Kimidaṃ pajānanaṃ nāma?

这了知是什么？

Ñ: What is this act of understanding?

Sañjānanavijānanākāravisiṭṭhaṃ nānappakārato jānanaṃ.

是和想知及识知的行相有别的各种知。[PTS 437]

Ñ: It is knowing (jānana) in a particular mode separate from the modes of perceiving (sañjānana) and cognizing (vijānana). [437]

Saññāviññāṇapaññānaṃ hi samānepi jānanabhāve,

即想、识、慧虽然都是以知为性，

Ñ: For though the state of knowing (jānana-bhāva) is equally present in perception (saññā), in consciousness (viññāṇa), and in understanding (paññā),

saññā ‘‘nīlaṃ pītaka’’nti ārammaṇasañjānanamattameva hoti.

可是，想──只能想知所缘「是青是黄」，

Ñ: nevertheless perception is only the mere perceiving of an object as, say, 'blue' or 'yellow';

‘‘Aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti.

不可能通达「是无常是苦是无我」的特相；

Ñ: it cannot bring about the penetration of its characteristics as impermanent, painful, and not-self.

Viññāṇaṃ ‘‘nīlaṃ pītaka’’nti ārammaṇañca jānāti, lakkhaṇapaṭivedhañca pāpeti.

识──既知所缘「是青是黄」，亦得通达特相，

Ñ: Consciousness knows the objects as blue or yellow, and it brings about the penetration of its characteristics,

Ussakkitvā pana maggapātubhāvaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti.

但不可能努力获得道的现前；

Ñ: but it cannot bring about, by endeavouring, the manifestation of the [supramundane] path.

Paññā vuttanayavasena ārammaṇañca jānāti,

慧──则既知前述的（青黄等）所缘，

Ñ: Understanding knows the object in the way already stated,

lakkhaṇapaṭivedhañca pāpeti,

亦得通达特相，

Ñ: it brings about the penetration of the characteristics,

ussakkitvā maggapātubhāvañca pāpeti.

并能努力获得道的现前。

Ñ: and it brings about, by endeavouring, the manifestation of the path.