Visuddhimagga XI-99

Yathā ca yakkhādīni mahābhūtāni yaṃ gaṇhanti,

亦譬如那样的夜叉的大种,

Ñ(XI,99): And just as, whomsoever the great creatures such as the spirits (yakkha) grasp hold of (possess),



neva nesaṃ tassa anto na bahi ṭhānaṃ upalabbhati, na ca taṃ nissāya na tiṭṭhanti,

既不能发现在他所占的任何人的内部,亦不能发现在那人的外部,但不是不依凭那人而存在;

Ñ: they have no standing place either inside him or outside him and yet they have no standing independently of him,



evameva tānipi neva aññamaññassa anto na bahi ṭhitāni hutvā upalabbhanti, na ca aññamaññaṃ nissāya na tiṭṭhantīti acinteyyaṭṭhānatāya yakkhādimahābhūtasāmaññatopi mahābhūtāni.

此等(大种)亦不能发现它们互相的在内或在外,但不是不相依而存在。因有这不可思议的关系和理由,如那类似的夜叉的大种,故为大种。

Ñ: so too, these elements are not found to stand either inside or outside each other yet they they have no standing independently of one another. Thus they are also great primaries (mahābhūta) in being equal to the great creatures (mahābhūta) such as the spirits because they have no thinkable standing place [relative to each other].



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

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