Visuddhimagga III-96

Yasmā pana idaṃ cariyāvibhāvanavidhānaṃ sabbākārena neva pāḷiyaṃ na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgataṃ, kevalaṃ ācariyamatānusārena vuttaṃ, tasmā na sārato paccetabbaṃ.

然而这种性行的辨知法,都不是圣典或义疏所叙述的,仅依阿阇梨的意见而说,所以不当绝对的坚信。

Ñ(III,96): However, these directions for recognizing the temperaments have not been handed down in their entirety in either the texts or the commentaries; they are only expressed according to the opinion of the teachers and cannot therefore be treated as authentic.



Rāgacaritassa hi vuttāni iriyāpathādīni dosacaritādayopi appamādavihārino kātuṃ sakkonti.

因为对于贪行者所说的威仪等,如果瞋行者等成为不放逸住者亦可行的。

Ñ: For even those of hating temperament can exhibit postures, etc., ascribed to the greedy temperament when they try diligently.



Saṃsaṭṭhacaritassa ca puggalassa ekasseva bhinnalakkhaṇā iriyāpathādayo na upapajjanti.

对于一个杂行的人,则有多种行相,而威仪等不会现起的。

Ñ: And postures, etc., never arise with distinct characteristics in a person of mixed temperament.



Yaṃ panetaṃ aṭṭhakathāsu cariyāvibhāvanavidhānaṃ vuttaṃ, tadeva sārato paccetabbaṃ.

其次对于诸义疏中所说的性行的辨知法,当为确信。

Ñ: Only such directions for recognizing temperament as are given in the commentaries should be treated as authentic;



Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘cetopariyañāṇassa lābhī ācariyo cariyaṃ ñatvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathessati, itarena antevāsiko pucchitabbo’’ti.

义疏曾说:「获得他心智的阿阇梨,既知弟子的性行为说适当的业处;其它的阿阇梨则当向弟子问知其性行」。

Ñ: for this is said: 'A teacher who has acquired penetration of minds will know the temperament and will explain a meditation subject accordingly; one who has not should question the pupil'.



Tasmā cetopariyañāṇena vā taṃ vā puggalaṃ pucchitvā jānitabbaṃ. Ayaṃ puggalo rāgacarito, ayaṃ dosādīsu aññataracaritoti.

是故当以他心智或向他人问知 ── 此人为贪行者或此人为瞋等的何种性行者。

Ñ: So it is by penetration of minds or by questioning the person, that it can be known whether he is one of greedy temperament or one of those beginning with hating temperament.



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

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