Visuddhimagga IV-24

Yo panevaṃ akatādhikāro hoti, tena ācariyasantike uggahitakammaṭṭhānavidhānaṃ avirādhetvā cattāro kasiṇadose pariharantena kasiṇaṃ kātabbaṃ.

1.(四遍过失)(人为之地)若无如是过去世的经验者,则不应违背于亲近阿阇梨时所学习的业处的规定,应该除去四遍的过失而作遍。

[MAKING AN EARTH KASIṆA]

Ñ(IV,24): But when a man has had no such previous practice, he should make a kasiṇa, guarding against the four faults of a kasiṇa and not overlooking any of the directions for the meditation subject learnt from the teacher.



Nīlapītalohitaodātasambhedavasena hi cattāro pathavīkasiṇadosā.

即以青、黄、赤、白的混合为四遍的过失。

Ñ: Now the four faults of the earth kasiṇa are due to the intrusion of blue, yellow, red or white.



Tasmā nīlādivaṇṇaṃ mattikaṃ aggahetvā gaṅgāvahe mattikāsadisāya aruṇavaṇṇāya mattikāya kasiṇaṃ kātabbaṃ.

是故不宜取青等之色的土,应以恒河(河之通名非专指印度之恒河)之泥及如黎明之色的土作遍。[PTS 124]

Ñ: So instead of using clay of such colours, he should make the kasiṇa of clay like that in the stream of the Gaṅgā, which is the colour of the dawn. [124]

Sayādaw U Sīlānanda: 'colour of the dawn' is a litter red.


Han: Mahāsī Sayādaw used the word aruṇavaṇṇa without translating it into Burmese.



Tañca kho vihāramajjhe sāmaṇerādīnaṃ sañcaraṇaṭṭhāne na kātabbaṃ.

2.(遍的作法)不应在寺院的中央为沙弥等行走之处作遍。

Ñ: And he should make it not in the middle of the monastery in a place where novices, etc., are about



Vihārapaccante pana paṭicchannaṭṭhāne pabbhāre vā paṇṇasālāya vā saṃhārimaṃ vā tatraṭṭhakaṃ vā kātabbaṃ.

当在寺院的边隅隐蔽之处,或山窟或茅庵中而作可移动的或固定的。

Ñ: but on the confines of the monastery in a screened place, either under an overhanging rock or in a leaf hut. He can make it either portable or as a fixture.



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

Sādhu ! Sādhu ! Sādhu !