Visuddhimagga XXII-81

833. Uppannaṃ hi vattamānabhūtāpagatokāsakatabhūmiladdhavasena anekappabhedaṃ.

因为「生起」有现在、生已离去、作机会、得地等的许多种类。

Ñ(XXII,81): Now there are various meanings of 'arisen', that is to say, (i) arisen as 'actually occurring', (ii) arisen as 'been and gone', (iii) arisen 'by opportunity made', and (iv) arisen 'by having [soil to grow in]'.

Tattha sabbampi uppādajarābhaṅgasamaṅgisaṅkhātaṃ vattamānuppannaṃ nāma.

此中：（一）称为一切具有生、老、坏者，为「现在生」。

Ñ: Herein, (i) all that is reckoned to possess [the three moments of] arising, ageing, [that is, presence,] and dissolution, is called arisen as actually occurring.

Ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavitvā niruddhaṃ anubhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ kusalākusalaṃ uppādādittayaṃ anuppatvā niruddhaṃ bhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ sesasaṅkhatañca bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ nāma.

（二）已尝所缘之味而后灭，称为尝已而离去的善、不善、及彼已达生（老坏）等三而后灭，称为已生而离去的其它的有为法，为「生已离去生」。

Ñ: (ii) Profitable and unprofitable [kamma-result] experienced as the stimulus of an object and ceased—reckoned as 'experienced and gone' (anubhūtāpagata)—, and also anything formed, when it has reached the three instants beginning with arising and has ceased—reckoned as 'been and gone' (hutvāpagata)—, are called arisen as been and gone (bhūtāpagata).

‘‘Yānissa tāni pubbekatāni kammānī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.248) evamādinā nayena vuttaṃ kammaṃ atītampi samānaṃ aññaṃ vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassokāsaṃ katvā ṭhitattā tathā katokāsañca vipākaṃ anuppannampi samānaṃ evaṃ kate okāse ekantena uppajjanato okāsakatuppannaṃ nāma.

（三）即如所说由他于过去所行的任何业，此业虽是过去，因为已拒绝了其它的（业的）异熟（报），造作了自己的异熟的（生起的）机会，并且这已造作了机会的异熟虽未生起，但如是作了机会之时是必然会生起的，所以名为「作机会生」。

Ñ: (iii) Kamma described in the way beginning 'Deeds that he did in the past' (M.iii,164), even when actually past, is called arisen by opportunity made because it reaches presence by inhibiting other [ripening] kamma and making that the opportunity for its own result (see Ch. XIX, §16.) And kamma-result that has its opportunity made in this way, even when as yet unarisen, is called 'arisen by opportunity made', too, because it is sure to arise when an opportunity for it has been made in this way.

Tāsu tāsu bhūmīsu asamūhataṃ akusalaṃ bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ nāma.

（四）于诸地中未曾绝根的不善，名为「得地生」。

Ñ: (iv) While unprofitable [kamma] is still unabolished in any given soil (plane) it is called arisen by having soil [to grow in].