Visuddhimagga IX-54

Pāṇanatāya pāṇā, assāsapassāsāyattavuttitāyāti attho.

「有息者」──由于息的作用,即依于出息与入息而得生存的意思。

Ñ(IX,54): Breathing things (pāṇa): so called because of their state of breathing (pāṇanatā); the meaning is, because their existence depends on in-breaths and out-breaths.



Bhūtattā bhūtā, saṃbhūtattā abhinibbattattāti attho.

自生而存在的为「生物」──即由发生及出生而存在的意义。

Ñ: Creatures (bhūta): so called because of being (bhūtatta = becomeness); the meaning is, because of their being fully become (sambhūtatta), because of their being generated (abhinibbattatta).



Punti vuccati nirayo. Tasmiṃ galantīti puggalā, gacchantīti attho.

「补伽罗」(puggalā)──由于地狱之义的「补」(pun)及堕于彼处(地狱)之义的「伽罗」(galanti)而成为补伽罗(人)。

Ñ: Persons (puggalā): 'pum' is what hell is called; they fall (galanti) into that, is the meaning.



Attabhāvo vuccati sarīraṃ. Khandhapañcakameva vā, tamupādāya paññattimattasambhavato.

肉体即身体或五蕴,因为依彼(五蕴所成的肉体)而成为一生物的假名(概念),

Ñ: Personality (attabhāva) is what the physical body is called; or it is just the pentad of aggregates, since it is actually only a concept derived from that pentad of aggregates.



Tasmiṃ attabhāve pariyāpannāti attabhāvapariyāpannā.

所以包括于肉体中称为「肉体所有者」。

[What is referred to is] included (pariyāpanna) in that personality, thus it 'has a personality' (attabhāva-pariyāpanna).



Pariyāpannāti paricchinnā, antogadhāti attho.

「所有」──即限止包括之义。

Ñ: 'Included in' is delimited by; 'gone into' is the meaning.



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

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