Visuddhimagga IV-32

Duvidho hi samādhi upacārasamādhi ca appanāsamādhi ca.

5.(二种定)二种定即近行定与安止定。

[THE TWO KINDS OF CONCENTRATION]

Ñ(IV,32): Now concentration is of two kinds, that is to say, access concentration and absorption concentration:



Dvīhākārehi cittaṃ samādhiyati upacārabhūmiyaṃ vā paṭilābhabhūmiyaṃ vā.

以二种行相等持于心:于近行地或于获得地。

Ñ: the mind becomes concentrated in two ways, that is, on the plane of access and on the plane of obtainment.



Tattha upacārabhūmiyaṃ nīvaraṇappahānena cittaṃ samāhitaṃ hoti.

这里「于近行地」则以舍断诸盖而等持于心,

Ñ: Herein, the mind becomes concentrated on the plane of access by the abandonment of the hindrances,



Paṭilābhabhūmiyaṃ aṅgapātubhāvena.

「于获得地」(安止地)则以诸支现前(而等持于心)。

Ñ: and on the plane of obtainment by the manifestation of the jhāna factors.

Han: Translation is alright.


It is useful to note the difference between access concentration (upacārasamādhi) and absorption concentration (appanāsamādhi).


When access concentration (upacārasamādhi) is reached the mind becomes concentrated (cittaṃ samādhiyati) by the abandonment of the hindrances.


When the absorption concentration (appanāsamādhi) is reached [the mind becomes concentrated (cittaṃ samādhiyati)] by the manifestation of the jhāna factors.


In both the cases, the sign is the counterpart sign (paṭibhāganimitta)



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

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