Visuddhimagga XI-24

304. Kathaṃ sammakkhanato?

（十）如何「以涂」而观察？

Ñ(XI,24): 10. How as to smearing?

Paribhogakālepi cesa hatthaoṭṭhajivhātālūni sammakkheti.

即在食时，而此饮食涂于手、唇、舌、颚等。

Ñ: At the time of using it he smears his hands, lips, tongue and palate,

Tāni tena sammakkhitattā paṭikkūlāni honti, yāni dhotānipi gandhaharaṇatthaṃ punappunaṃ dhovitabbāni honti.

因为给食物所涂而手等便成厌恶，纵使洗去了它们，但为了除去臭气，还要再三再四的洗。

Ñ: and they become repulsive by being smeared with it. And even when washed, they have to be washed again and again in order to remove the smell.

Paribhutto samāno yathā nāma odane paccamāne thusakaṇakuṇḍakādīni uttaritvā ukkhalimukhavaṭṭipidhāniyo makkhanti,

譬如煮饭的时候，那满上来的糠与米屑米皮等涂于镬口镬边及镬盖等，

Ñ: And, just as, when rice is being boiled, the husks, the red powder covering the grain, etc., rise up and smear the mouth, rim and lid of the cauldron,

evameva sakalasarīrānugatena kāyagginā pheṇuddehakaṃ paccitvā uttaramāno dante dantamalabhāvena sammakkheti.

同样的，吃下的饭，由于全身的身火所煮沸（消化）而满出的，以齿垢涂于牙齿，

Ñ: so too, when eaten it rises up during its cooking and simmering by the bodily fire that pervades the whole body, it turns into tartar, which smears the teeth,

Jivhātāluppabhutīni kheḷasemhādibhāvena, akkhikaṇṇanāsaadhomaggādike akkhigūthakakaṇṇagūthakasiṅghāṇikāmuttakarīsādibhāvena sammakkheti.

以唾液和痰等（涂于）舌和口盖，以眼垢、耳垢、涕、尿、粪等涂于眼、耳、鼻、大小便道等，

Ñ: and it turns into spittle, phlegm, etc., which respectively smear the tongue, palate, etc.; and it turns into eye-dirt, ear-dirt, snot, urine, excrement, etc., which respectively smear the eyes, ears, nose and nether passages.

Yena sammakkhitāni imāni dvārāni divase divase dhoviyamānānipi neva sucīni, na manoramāni honti.

由于彼等所涂的此等诸门，虽然天天的洗，也不会清净悦乐的。

Ñ: And when these doors are smeared by it, they never become either clean or pleasing even though washed every day.

Yesu ekaccaṃ dhovitvā hattho puna udakena dhovitabbo hoti.

在这些里面，有时你洗了一处，还要用水来洗手，

Ñ: And after one has washed a certain one of these, the hand has to be washed again.

Ekaccaṃ dhovitvā dvattikkhattuṃ gomayenapi mattikāyapi gandhacuṇṇenapi dhovato pāṭikulyatā vigacchatīti evaṃ sammakkhanato paṭikkūlatā paccavekkhitabbā.

有时洗了一处，虽然二三次的用牛粪粘土和香粉等洗了手，但依然是厌恶的。所以他应如是依涂而观察食的可厌。

Ñ: And after one has washed a certain one of these, the repulsiveness does not depart from it even after two or three washings with cowdung and clay and scented powder. This is how repulsiveness should be reviewed as to smearing.

Notes in Chinese translation: 印度人以牛粪为清净的东西。