Visuddhimagga XI-33

Kakkhaḷanti thaddhaṃ.

「坚的」是硬的。

Ñ(XI,33): Hard: rigid.



Kharigatanti pharusaṃ.

「固体的」是粗触的。

Ñ: Harsh: rough.



Tattha paṭhamaṃ lakkhaṇavacanaṃ,

此中第一句是说它的特相,

Ñ: Herein, the first is a word for the characteristic,



dutiyaṃ ākāravacanaṃ,

第二句是说它的形相。

Ñ: while the second is a word for the mode;



kakkhaḷalakkhaṇā hi pathavīdhātu,

因为地界是以坚为特相,

Ñ: for the earth element is characterized as hard,



sā pharusākārā hoti,

却以粗触为形相,

Ñ: but its mode is rough,



tasmā kharigatanti vuttā.

故说是固体的。

Ñ: which is why it is called 'harsh'.



Upādinnanti daḷhaṃ ādinnaṃ, ahaṃ mamanti evaṃ daḷhaṃ ādinnaṃ, gahitaṃ parāmaṭṭhanti attho.

「执持」是坚执,即如是坚执──执着我与我所之义。

Ñ: Clung to: taken firmly [by kamma]; the meaning is, firmly taken, seized, adhered to, as 'I', 'mine' (see §89f.).



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

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