Visuddhimagga XI-93

350. Lakkhaṇāditoti pathavīdhātu kiṃ lakkhaṇā, kiṃ rasā, kiṃ paccupaṭṭhānāti evaṃ catassopi dhātuyo āvajjetvā pathavīdhātu kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇā,

（四）「以相等」──地界有什么相（特征）？有什么味（作用）？有什么现起（现状）？既如是念四界已，当以相等这样作意：「地界」有坚性的相，

Ñ(XI,93): 4. As to characteristic, etc.: he should advert to the four elements in this way: 'The earth element—what are its characteristic, function, manifestation?', [defining them in this way]: The earth element has the characteristic of hardness.

patiṭṭhānarasā,

住立的味，

Ñ: Its function is to act as a foundation.

sampaṭicchanapaccupaṭṭhānā.

领受的现起。

Ñ: It is manifested as receiving.

Āpodhātu paggharaṇalakkhaṇā,

「水界」有流动的相，

Ñ: The water element has the characteristic of trickling.

brūhanarasā,

增大的味，

Ñ: Its function is to intensify.

saṅgahapaccupaṭṭhānā.

摄受的现起。

Ñ: It is manifested as holding together.

Tejodhātu uṇhattalakkhaṇā,

「火界」有热性的相，

Ñ: The fire element has the characteristic of heat.

paripācanarasā,

遍熟的味，

Ñ: Its function is to mature (maintain).

maddavānuppadānapaccupaṭṭhānā.

给与柔软的现起。

Ñ: It is manifested as a continued supply of softness.

Vāyodhātu vitthambhanalakkhaṇā,

「风界」有支持的相，

Ñ: The air element has the characteristic of distending.

samudīraṇarasā.

转动的味，

Ñ: Its function is to cause motion.

Abhinīhārapaccupaṭṭhānāti evaṃ lakkhaṇādito manasikātabbā.

引发的现起。[PTS 366]

Ñ: It is manifested as conveying. This is how they should be given attention by characteristic, and so on. [366]

Notes: the Chinese translation of 'evaṃ lakkhaṇādito manasikātabbā' is above '当以相等这样作意：'.