Visuddhimagga III-1

3. Kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇaniddeso

[PTS 084] 第三 说取业处品

CHAPTER III - TAKING A MEDITATION SUBJECT

38. Idāni yasmā evaṃ dhutaṅgapariharaṇasampāditehi appicchatādīhi guṇehi pariyodāte imasmiṃ sīle patiṭṭhitena ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti vacanato cittasīsena niddiṭṭho samādhi bhāvetabbo. So ca atisaṅkhepadesitattā viññātumpi tāva na sukaro, pageva bhāvetuṃ, tasmā tassa vitthārañca bhāvanānayañca dassetuṃ idaṃ pañhākammaṃ hoti.

既以遵守此等头陀支成就少欲知足等之德而住立于此等清净戒中的人，当自

住戒有慧人

修习心与慧

的语句中依于「心」的要目而修习三摩地（定），然而显示于这个偈中的定却如此简略，去认识其意义尚且不易，何况修习？所以必须详示定的修习法，这里先提出一些问题：

Ñ(III,1): [84] Now concentration is described under the heading of 'consciousness' in the phrase 'develops consciousness and understanding' (Ch. I, §1). It should be developed by one who has taken his stand on virtue that has been purified by means of the special qualities of fewness of wishes, etc., and perfected by observance of the ascetic practices. But that concentration has been shown only very briefly and so it is not even easy to understand, much less to develop. There is therefore the following set of questions, the purpose of which is to show the method of its development in detail:

Ko samādhi? Kenaṭṭhena samādhi? Kānassa lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānāni? Katividho samādhi? Ko cassa saṃkileso? Kiṃ vodānaṃ? Kathaṃ bhāvetabbo? Samādhibhāvanāya ko ānisaṃsoti?

一、什么是定？

二、什么是定的语义？

三、什么是定的相、味、现起、足处？

四、定有几种？

五、什么是定的杂染？

六、什么是净化？

七、怎样修习？

八、修定有什么功德？

Ñ: (i) What is concentration?

(ii) In what sense is it concentration?

(iii) What are its characteristic, function, manifestation, and proximate cause?

(iv) How many kinds of concentration are there?

(v) What is its defilement?

(vi) What is its cleansing?

(vii) How should it be developed?

(viii) What are the benefits of the development of concentration?