Visuddhimagga III-5

39.Katividhosamādhīti avikkhepalakkhaṇena tāva ekavidho. Upacāraappanāvasena duvidho, tathā lokiyalokuttaravasena sappītikanippītikavasena sukhasahagataupekkhāsahagatavasena ca. Tividho hīnamajjhimapaṇītavasena , tathā savitakkasavicārādivasena pītisahagatādivasena parittamahaggatappamāṇavasena ca. Catubbidho dukkhāpaṭipadādandhābhiññādivasena, tathā parittaparittārammaṇādivasena catujhānaṅgavasena hānabhāgiyādivasena kāmāvacarādivasena adhipativasena ca. Pañcavidho pañcakanaye pañcajhānaṅgavasenāti.

四、定有几种

定有几种?(一)先以不散乱的特相为一种。

(二)(1)以近行、安止为二种;(2)以世间、出世间;(3)以有喜、无喜;(4)以乐俱、舍俱为二种。

(三)(1)以下、中、上为三种;(2)以有寻有伺等;(3)以喜俱等;(4)以小、大、无量为三种。

(四)(1)以苦行道迟通达等为四种;(2)以小小所缘等;(3)以四禅支;(4)以退分等;(5)以欲界等;(6)以(欲)增上等为四种。

(五)于五法中以五禅支为五种。

Ñ(III,5): (iv) HOW MANY KINDS OF CONCENTRATION ARE THERE? (1) First of all it is of one kind with the characteristic of non-distraction. (2) Then it is of two kinds as access and absorption; (3) likewise as mundane and supramundane, (4) as with happiness and without happiness, and (5) as accompanied by bliss and accompanied by equanimity. It is of three kinds (6) as inferior, medium and superior; likewise (7) as with applied thought and sustained thought, etc., (8) as accompanied by happiness, etc., and (9) as limited, exalted, and measureless. It is of four kinds (10) as of difficult progress and sluggish direct-knowledge, etc.; likewise (11) as limited with limited object, etc., (12) according to the factors of the four jhānas, (13) as partaking of diminution, etc., (14) as of the sense sphere, etc., and (15) as predominance, and so on. (16) It is of five kinds according to the factors of the five jhānas reckoned by the fivefold method.



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Acknowledgment: Thanks to Buddhist Publication Society (BPS) and Venerable Nyanatusita for allowing me to use the English translation of the Visuddhimagga (The Path Of Purification) by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, translated from the Pāḷi by Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, as part of a combined Chinese English translation.

Sādhu ! Sādhu ! Sādhu !